Osha Dieta
Your wildrcrafted Osha roots and honeyed Osha come from two sources which are
concerned and careful about it's sustainability. Osha is an endangered plant and can be
overharvested. Our suppliers are good stewards of the land and adhere to good planetary
husbandry.
If you haven't already, read everything on the http://dietamama.blogspot.com/, http://
dietamama.blogspot.com/2013/01/what-is-shamanic-dieta.html
Your dieta medicine of the raw roots are to be made lovingly into a tea (see below) which
will be consumed each evening for for days. Meditate first with the roots as long as you
like, get to know them, feel them, they are alive with medicine. Take some of the roots
to use as incense, the smell is divine. Sing, drum, talk to them, put your intent into them,
honor them as a welcome part of you, receive them as your teacher. If you like ritual,
do a ritual with them, let them tell you what they want, trust your imagination, allow the
spirit of the plant to guide you. It may feel like you are making it up if the plant "talks"
to you but the spirit of the plant is living and desires to help you in ways you may not
yet know so open your imagination. Keep a journal, sketch pad, post on the blog site to
speak of your experiences, dreams and discuss them with other dieters or us please.
Everyone will receive their plant medicine at different times so on the day and time the
plants arrive, begin the dieta protocol at that time. Please be ready for this by way of
having appropriate foods purchased, by having your personal life and routine organised
as best you can to support this dieta integrating into your body. Remember, keep
yourself to yourself as much as possible during the 8 days of the strict part of the dieta
and stay mindful that during the rest of the month this will be a good time to focus on
yourself as much as possible. Not a good time to embark on anything too adventurous,
new, demanding, stressful including time with family or relationships which challenge
you. Just say you are retreating for your health or spirit.
Tea Instructions:
When your plants arrive, break them up as small as you are able and add about a quart
of pure water to them, put them on the stove top and bring just to a boil then immediately
turn the pot down to low and leave them steep on the lowest heat for about 20 minutes.
Remove from heat, leave roots in the brew. If it is time to drink when you make the tea,
pour a cup for yourself. leave to cool and put in a covered pitcher in the fridge to prevent
fermentation.
At 4pm (traditionally) can be later if work schedule requires, take yourself into a quiet
place with a cup of the Osha Medicine brew (can be heated before drinking if you like as
it is a lovely tea) if you feel so inclined, sing, drum, play music, bless your connection
to the plant, receive it into your body with respect, love, openess and reverance. You
cannot do it wrong. If you have nothing to sing, just speak or whisper your intent and
willingness to connect but always be open to receiving guidance. Drink tea 4 days only,
then continue with strict dieta protocol (see below) for 8 days total.
Dietary Protocol
Avoid all salt, alcohol, vinegar, caffeine, animal fat, sweets or sugars (including all fruit
but apples and lemon), red meat, dairy, strongly spiced foods for 8 days (also abstain
from sex for the 8 days). Foods without salt can be very disappointing to the palette.
Be prepared to have strong emotional withdrawals from food if you are a real foody.
Keeping the dieta will be worth it.
Eggs have a little salt, grilling fish or chicken creates a slight salt flavor, organic celery
and potato broth replenishes mineral salts if you must exert physically during the dieta
Lemon juice and olive oil on vegetables is delicious, toasted seeds and raw nuts in small
amounts are good and add flavor (go easy on heavy foods) ½
During these cold winter months, oatmeal, squash, apples, sprinkled with nuts can be
warming, cooked quinoa with vegetables, boiled or grilled green plaintains, will have
satisfying texture though I won't fib and say food without salt is good but the more you
diet, the easier it gets..
On the morning of the 8th day you will wake and swish the prepared salt in your mouth
for 60 seconds, spit it out with gratitude and from this point on the strict part of the diet is
over.
After 8 days all dietary restrictions lifted except for sex, alcohol and pork and refined
sugars which are to be avoided for the full 30 days. (some couples have permission for
the practice of sacred sexuality in the Osha dieta but this must be cleared first with Kellee
or Craig)
As a good rule of thumb eat foods which would make good compost (no fruit besides say
½ apple, a little lemon juice for flavor, small amount of avocado, say 1/2 per day, cooked
green plaintain wh not really a fruit), no prepared foods or condiments.
Go easy on medicinal teas during your dieta. Ask the Osha what plants it harmonizes
with. It is not be good to complicate the energy of the Osha with any other medicinal
plants or vitamin supplements during the first 7 days.
Sexual Restrictions:
established loving partnerships may be honored sexually after the initial 8 days of strict
protocol providing partner is willing to dedicate all sex and lovemaking to the dieta as
part of it. First 8 days mean no sexual contact, french kissing etc The sacrifice of your
sexual expression will potentize your dieta. If Osha directs you otherwise where you do
feel you ought restrict sex altogether, honor this. The Osha will be specific in speaking
to you about the details around sacred love making and sexuality. Please no new
partnerships (and you may be found very attractive to others during your dieta so watch
out, don't be seduced!) and no fantasy masturbation or sexual fantasy when with your
partner. If the plant takes you on a journey into your sexuality and it is medicine for you,
go but don't get lost, you are being taught wisdom, how to turn your lovemaking into
medicine, so focus on this wisdom through your lovemaking rather than unconcious
pleasure in sexual energy, keep this protocol as very very important until the dieta is
over. If you are too tired to focus on being totally concious to each other and the
medicine, skip it. This is a good time to explore tantric forms of love with orgasmic
abstinence. Please keep record of the sexual teachings you receive from the plant. This
is new territory in the realm of dieta, to tread carelessly here could mean feeling some
insanity so take this VERY seriously. We are pioneering a whole new dieta movement
by opening up the space for our sexual medicine to be a part of the teaching so I want
you all to feel comfortable sharing this for the betterment of others, the enrichment of
love between people, the wisdom of the medicine of the erotic with the plants. I feel this
dieta marks the end of self conciousness and outdated puritanical thinking making
sexuality tabu in spiritual practices. Think about it, plants are able to show their
nakedness and embark in reproduction in public, surely they are the very best teachers of
how to live our lives today in love! This is important to be taken at the level of highest
holiness, not piety or prudish, holiness, sacredness, like sacrement. Call if confused ok?
We have had tremendous reports from our couples after this. The sexual permission will
not be allowed in all the dietas so please make note that this is specific to the Osha.
2 Personal Sessions
Each of you has included with your dieta an hour or 2 x ½ hour personal sessions with
either Craig Caviezel or me, Kellee Morris either via Skype, phone or in person if you
are here in SLC area. We will be available during regular business hours,evenings and
weekends. Appointments recommended, emergency calls available.
Please feel free to text me Kellee @ 970-618-0007 Fri pm-Tues a.m and
Craig @ 801-631-1101 Tues pm-Fri a.m.
we will respond asap. Texts are better for initial contact
Should you not be able to reach one of us , I would like your permission to connect you
personally with other dieters. Several of you have done dietas before and your support to
others may be part of your training by the plant. Please furnish your number to my phone
if I don't already have it (unless you prefer not to in which case let me know this)
In the event anyone wants more than the 2 x 30 minute or 1 x 1hr sessions, we have
availability for this and do it for $1 per minute.
unify and integrate this new Maestra Plant teacher, Osha into our circle and community
with joy
mun-yaki (I love you in Qechua)
your Dieteros Kellee and Craig (aka Dieta Mama y Dieta Papa! ;)
Monday, January 6, 2014
Friday, May 10, 2013
AHO AJOS!
AJOS DIETA
Ajos is a preparation traditionally used for protection from malevolent spirits, for cleansing evil, for protecting the shamanic materials and well being of the shaman before and after treatments he offers. In traditional Amazonian shamanism in the Mestizo (ie Spanish/Quechua combination as opposed to Q'uero, Andean, Shipibo) tradition, Ajos is used daily as a topical application much like the Agua de Florida, or flower waters, Thymolina or other protective tinctures.
My Maestro, Don Alberto Torres Davilla, from the lineage of Don Julio Llerena Pinedo, uses Ajos and Mapacho (tobacco Rustica, a shamanic jungle blend) to cleanse and protect himself. Don Alberto is known to be an undefeated shaman in his medicine work where evil and/or malevolent spirits are concerned. He taught us to always prepare our bodies with ajos and tobacco before working on others for protection. I will go in to the properties of the Ajos and Mapacho tobacco a little later, but for now understand this: tobacco smoke is quite tabu and because we lead a middle earth existence, it probably wouldn't be easy for many of us to douse ourselves in smoke and a pungent tincture of Ajos after ever interaction we have in the healing or protective realm! For this reason, I have been led to lead us diet a unique combination of the Ajos tincture,with added Mugwort, Mapacho and purple flowers.
As many of you now know, we diet the plants into our bodies so that they become part of our structure. Because we cannot always use topical preparations on our outsides, how much better and efficient for us to have the protective and discerning plants inside us as part of our energetic geometry, an automatic built in tool, helping us make decisions which will not only help us heal and straighten others, but also protect ourselves and our own energetic bodies, hearts and minds as we work. To my knowlegde, Ajos is not usually dieted, the spirits have led me to this dieta after recognising that many excellent shamans and their families are repeatedly, and often ill, sometimes seriously, often unclear and confused outside of their work in the shamanic space.
It is my intention to create strength in our personal structures with this dieta's powerful medicine and teaching in order to avoid some of these shamanic pitfalls. Often, the longer a shaman works without protection, the more afflictions get woven into his or her life. This is not always the case of course but, because I am teaching you from my experience there are some realities I know which are often overlooked or mistaken as other things. Over the course of my almost 8 years of experience in plant medicine shamanism, I have tracked the effects of very real spiritual battles where the shaman assisted in the healing clearing of people overcoming trauma, illness etc. As a result of this, I have seen over and over again, very good, previously clear, energetic, intuitive, gifted shamans get their sharpness and well being lost in a myriad of spirits which come to take residence within them only because no one taught them about, or they don't believe in the need for cleansing, clearing or protection. Ajos will be a powerful ally in taking care of this.
I will share more about the specifics of what Ajos contains on Sunday (the ingredient list changed somewhat during my meditation with the tincture last night so I need a bit more time for this) but for now, I must go meet with you all!
So the final ingredient list of the Ajos medicine now includes all the plants below:
Male Garlic
White Onion
Mapacho
Camalonga
Mugwort
Purple flowers (instead of Shiwawaku), ie Medicina Moradito, purple medicine
Aguardiente, pure cane sugar alcohol, traditional Peruvian base
This dieta came through differently. The plants had weeks with me while we waited for the camalonga to arrive, during which time the plants came everywhere with me. Many of you were able to infuse this dieta with your own unique songs and intents since we were joined, the Ajos in our midst, before the commencement of this dieta. The camalonga seeds themselves never arrived due to the dept of agriculture confiscating them due to lack of necessary paperwork in their shipment. Many thanks to Craig for providing the tincture from Sacred Essences and for making us the mapacho tea to add to our new dieta.
If you are finding that the two drops isn't enough, graduate up to 4 during the 8 day phase of the dieta. After the restrictions have ended and you continue through the month, if you are led to keep ingesting it. Camphor in large doses can be toxic so if you need more connection then put it in your hands, rub them together and then rub the tincture of your face, head, heart. I suggest doing this daily. As you may all know, getting to know these plants through their smell, taste, texture adds dimension to the intimacy with which we permit them to teach us.
Ajos is a preparation traditionally used for protection from malevolent spirits, for cleansing evil, for protecting the shamanic materials and well being of the shaman before and after treatments he offers. In traditional Amazonian shamanism in the Mestizo (ie Spanish/Quechua combination as opposed to Q'uero, Andean, Shipibo) tradition, Ajos is used daily as a topical application much like the Agua de Florida, or flower waters, Thymolina or other protective tinctures.
My Maestro, Don Alberto Torres Davilla, from the lineage of Don Julio Llerena Pinedo, uses Ajos and Mapacho (tobacco Rustica, a shamanic jungle blend) to cleanse and protect himself. Don Alberto is known to be an undefeated shaman in his medicine work where evil and/or malevolent spirits are concerned. He taught us to always prepare our bodies with ajos and tobacco before working on others for protection. I will go in to the properties of the Ajos and Mapacho tobacco a little later, but for now understand this: tobacco smoke is quite tabu and because we lead a middle earth existence, it probably wouldn't be easy for many of us to douse ourselves in smoke and a pungent tincture of Ajos after ever interaction we have in the healing or protective realm! For this reason, I have been led to lead us diet a unique combination of the Ajos tincture,with added Mugwort, Mapacho and purple flowers.
As many of you now know, we diet the plants into our bodies so that they become part of our structure. Because we cannot always use topical preparations on our outsides, how much better and efficient for us to have the protective and discerning plants inside us as part of our energetic geometry, an automatic built in tool, helping us make decisions which will not only help us heal and straighten others, but also protect ourselves and our own energetic bodies, hearts and minds as we work. To my knowlegde, Ajos is not usually dieted, the spirits have led me to this dieta after recognising that many excellent shamans and their families are repeatedly, and often ill, sometimes seriously, often unclear and confused outside of their work in the shamanic space.
It is my intention to create strength in our personal structures with this dieta's powerful medicine and teaching in order to avoid some of these shamanic pitfalls. Often, the longer a shaman works without protection, the more afflictions get woven into his or her life. This is not always the case of course but, because I am teaching you from my experience there are some realities I know which are often overlooked or mistaken as other things. Over the course of my almost 8 years of experience in plant medicine shamanism, I have tracked the effects of very real spiritual battles where the shaman assisted in the healing clearing of people overcoming trauma, illness etc. As a result of this, I have seen over and over again, very good, previously clear, energetic, intuitive, gifted shamans get their sharpness and well being lost in a myriad of spirits which come to take residence within them only because no one taught them about, or they don't believe in the need for cleansing, clearing or protection. Ajos will be a powerful ally in taking care of this.
I will share more about the specifics of what Ajos contains on Sunday (the ingredient list changed somewhat during my meditation with the tincture last night so I need a bit more time for this) but for now, I must go meet with you all!
So the final ingredient list of the Ajos medicine now includes all the plants below:
Male Garlic
White Onion
Mapacho
Camalonga
Mugwort
Purple flowers (instead of Shiwawaku), ie Medicina Moradito, purple medicine
Aguardiente, pure cane sugar alcohol, traditional Peruvian base
This dieta came through differently. The plants had weeks with me while we waited for the camalonga to arrive, during which time the plants came everywhere with me. Many of you were able to infuse this dieta with your own unique songs and intents since we were joined, the Ajos in our midst, before the commencement of this dieta. The camalonga seeds themselves never arrived due to the dept of agriculture confiscating them due to lack of necessary paperwork in their shipment. Many thanks to Craig for providing the tincture from Sacred Essences and for making us the mapacho tea to add to our new dieta.
If you are finding that the two drops isn't enough, graduate up to 4 during the 8 day phase of the dieta. After the restrictions have ended and you continue through the month, if you are led to keep ingesting it. Camphor in large doses can be toxic so if you need more connection then put it in your hands, rub them together and then rub the tincture of your face, head, heart. I suggest doing this daily. As you may all know, getting to know these plants through their smell, taste, texture adds dimension to the intimacy with which we permit them to teach us.
Wednesday, January 16, 2013
What is a Shamanic Dieta?
A shamanic dieta is traditionally offered in the Amazon Jungle to shamanic apprentices, studying under the care and tutelage of a maestro/maestra who has spent his or her life in communion with the wisdom of the indigenous rainforest plants and trees as his/her primary teachers of healing wisdom. The apprentices are people who have committed their lives to following this path of medicine with the intent to understand nature, harmonize and heal, surrendering everything they think they know in submission to source-earth, the purity and wisdom of the plants as teachers, healers from another realm, bringing wisdom, transformation and healing to us for our everyday lives.
Traditionally it could take 10 years or more before an apprentice became a maestro/maestra. In this era it does not require living in the jungle to be an apprentice of the plants, nor does it necessarily entail the full duration of time, we are living in a tremendous shift and traditions are changing in accordance with the changing of our consciousness. Today the plants are calling us to help us understand what is happening in our world now, human consciousness, how to live, how to be a good steward of Mother Earth, Pachamama, how to heal and create. The dieta is for people who are serious about becoming medicine men and women of deep integrity and intuition, using the teachings only to heal, never for personal gain. I will offer several dietas per year and with them, your apprencticeship to the plants will be structured, ordered and straight. I anticipate hearing that my dieters find their creativity in creating themselves, their worlds and communities with clarity, power and innovation. This is exciting.
Traditionally, the shamans, the curanderos/curanderas were taught their intuitive healing wisdom, rituals and sacred songs known as "icaros", by taking a number of these Amazonian medicinal plant dietas into their bodies through their lifetimes. Traditionally, more dietas meant a more proficient shaman, with rituals of purification, discipline teaching him/her how to hold healing space with integrity, intuition and skill. The plants are psychic teachers, connecting the student to the innate wisdom of the universe insomuch as the shaman/medicine man/woman is receptive and suited as a practitioner.. Today, with time collapsing on it's axis, scale is no longer the determinant of a shaman's skill, agility and effectiveness.
It is important the dieta is overseen by either a maestro/maestra, or in our case me, who has been a devoted, well trained and natural practitioner of the plants with many years experience studying and dieting with the traditional and non traditional shamans in the Amazon. In no circumstances should a new dieter diet a plant without having the plants prepared by a qualified shaman. It is important the rebuilding of the apprentices'/dieters' internal structure is configured, monitored and directed by a qualified and trusted shaman until such time as the apprentice/dieters' sense of self is very much intact and clear. There are delusions the ego seems to reliably bring to the table as an unhealthy condiment to a healthy meal when people begin the practice of plant medicine. The overseeing shaman, who in this case will be me, ( Dieta Mama) or Craig (Dieta Papa) will keep each individual's dieta "straight". At times during the duration of the diet, feelings and thoughts can get "crossed", which, if it happens can result in confusion, depression, negativity. It is the overseeing shaman's duty to "straighten" the diet. It is the job of the plant, the dieta itself, to straighten out the crooked, misdirected energies we all may have within us in order for there to be a smooth, pure flow of reliable wisdom within the entire being of the apprentice/dieter.
The plants are taken by the dieter as a tea for a set number of days with a disciplined protocol of strict dietary restriction as they do so. After the duration of the strict dieta (usually 8 days for a short dieta), there follows a month of somewhat restricted activities (see below). The plants themselves are the teachers of the dieta,. What they teach is divine wisdom or "saviduria divina", wisdom beyond the mind, beyond what has been learned in books or other teachings. Typically it would be the maestro/maestra who prepares the plant medicine for each individual dieter, singing icaros, praying, speaking, blowing, whistling into it personally for the individual The apprentice/dieter makes enough tea for 4 days and then takes the tea each day at 4pm in the afternoon each day for four days and is taught the nature and songs of the plant's particular medicine as it is dieted and absorbed into the body (body, mind, heart, soul) for the duration of the 1 month time frame the dieta is working (the plant is only consumed for 4 days however) The restrictions of, no salt, sugar, alcohol,vinegars, red meat, pork, dairy, fat, no sex, are to be kept for 8 days. At the end of the start of the 8th day you wake and swish the prepared salt into your mouth for 60 seconds, spit, feel generally much better and then life gets somewhat more normal physically . For the next 30 days the sex, alcohol, pork restrictions stay in place with suggested cessation of all refined sugars. The entire month may have many challenges as the plant, doing its job, keeps working so I suggest taking a month with little exciting entertainment, stimulation, new projects, jobs, relationships etc. During the diet please do not make any major life decisions of any kind if at all possible.
The plant teachers, after entering the apprentice/dieters body, become enmeshed with the actual architecture/ geometry of the apprentice/dieter's energetic being, restructuring personality, purifying, healing ego weakness and insecurity, clearing blockages, and new intuitions become available to assist in deepening an understanding of life for the self, what is true, dissolving feelings of separateness, guiding and building confidence, trust and knowledge in the assistance/teaching of others.
The work of the dieta will continue for 6 months as it grows strong in the "garden" of the apprentices' body and psyche. In order for the plant to "grow" within the human body, we make our bodies an environment free of salt, fat, red meat, sugar, dairy, caffeine and alcohol, vinegars, during the 8 days of the intense part of the dieta . These restrictions can be challenging mentally, emotionally and physically for some people. Inexperienced dieters ought to plan on 8 days when they may feel like they have a bit of flu or even mild depression as they diet. It is recommended that the dieter make their lifestyle as free from stimulation as possible with as much rest and solo meditation time as possible. Each dieter will get an hour consultation session with me, Kellee Morris, or my partner, Craig Caviezel during their dieta (can be any time during the entire month during our operating hours or, if you have an emergency, any time) as part of their dieta package in order to check in, ask questions, get assistance straightening wonky thoughts and feelings etc. These can be by phone, in person, or on Skype depending on where we all are.
During the dieta, the old structures of personality and belief are often broken down for new structures and knowledge to be built in their places. It is typically an emotional time, an epiphaniacal time, a grieving time as the old mental ways die away, we listen to the plant and new paradigms and wisdom grow in the places of the old, tired, slow and outdated linear/mental methods of old. It is normal for people to feel disorientated during dietas though every normal task can be accomplished with no problems but fatigue. The beauty, purity and clarity of the diet and its wisdom will generally come streaming through after the month is entirely finished, though some people experience this from the get go. Everyone's experience is different, some people feel worse for a while. Please know we offer support on an ongoing basis even after the month if necessary for a very reasonable fee.
Our focus in this new style of western shamanic dieta being introduced here, is to fuse the tradition of these Shipibo and Mestizo dieta traditions with the wisdom of the Northern American plants as the source of our first short dieta. Because we live in North America, because our geographical lineage is felt from the native tribes of this country, we are honoring them and calling on their wisdom to teach us through their plants rather than going to Peru to diet the traditional Amazonian plants. (I also highly recommend dieting in the Amazon under a number of different maestros/maestra's I can refer you to) The plants are being quite specific in letting me know which plants we will be dieting and in which order. We will mostly diet the North American plants however, there are certain protective plant traditions from the Amazon we will also be taking in the future for safety, protection and ancient wisdom. (the plants of the Amazon are the oldest lineage of living things on the planet)
I am not a maestra by title, however the plants themselves have called me to invite you to this practice. I personally have taken 25 different dietas into my body, 18 of which were conducted under Maestros Don Alberto Torres Davila, Hamilton Souther, Chris Odle, Guillermo Arevallo, 3 of which were personally conducted by me, for myself, led by the plants. As your "Dieta Mama" I can only say the plants have given me sensibilities beyond any mental reason and I trust them entirely. My work with the plants has given me the ability to flow in the work of an effective and compassionate curandera. From the time I was a small child I have been learning from the plants, gathering them, making them into tinctures and eating them. When we are called to the plants, we are called. You will simply know if this is for you. My commitment to using the plants only to heal is 100%. If you know me, you will know if you feel you can trust my guidance.
Shaman Craig Caviezel "Dieta Papa" is a gifted Dietero and Medicine man, personally trained by me with several years of experience working with plant, native american and crystal medicine before he met me. He is gifted and hand selected and trained by me to work in partnership. I have had him oversee and configure several diets and each one he has done for himself and others have been very successful in the lives of those who took his dietas. Depending on the time of your diet or consultation, you may encounter either of us. I will be consulted about everything and oversee each person's diet.
I took my apprenticeship over the course of 7 years in Peru very seriously. I gleaned all I could from my amazing maestros and the dietas of the plants changed and continue to transform and change my life, my perceptions and give me gifts to heal and care beyond all logical reason. I too am still a work in progress. Everyone's experience will be different. I encourage you to journal your experiences and share them here if you like.
The suggested donation per person which includes your plants (in this case Osha Root and honeyed Osha for after the 4 days to continue connecting with it through the month) a portion of treated sea salt with which to end the dieta ranges from $200-$300. The place in this range you select ought be determined by your heart. We have some people who require far more than others. A shamanic dieta with a shaman in the jungle will run you approx $60-$100 per day just to give you a point of reference. If you need the materials shipped to you there will be an additional $15 fee to do so.
Craig and I sit with each person's personal allocation of medicinal plant, we sing into each of your plants personally for you according to the guidance the plant gives. We sing the wisdom and power into the plants, honeyed osha and salt to create structure, guidance and potency to your personal studies of life of self, your growth, expansion, healing, purification, balancing, the straightening of your energetic body. The process per person can take a considerable amount of time. The plants always guide. You will have clear instructions for how to make your tea, what to eat, do, not do and you will be entitled to the 1 hour sessions with Craig or I (or two 1/2 hour ones) over the course of the 1 month duration of the dieta. One of us should always be available during reasonable business hours, and some weekend hours. After the eight days everything is allowed back into the diet besides alcohol, pork and sex with limits on refined sugars.
Additional consultations during the course of the dieta will be available for 1/2 hour sessions @ $30 per session.
In the event you feel called to this dieta and are unable to pay the suggested price, please get in touch with me to work out something creative where there is value for our exchange.
Please read the information about the nature and properties of Osha,
(Kwiyag'atu tupkapi in the Ute Native tongue)
The dieta following this will be a protective dieta, traditional Peruvian "Ahos" made up from Camphor, garlic, white onion in a suspension of alcohol. This formulation is commonly known as "vampire juice" and will be a powerful cleansing and protection diet. After this diet, you will be ready to start your studies to begin working on others.
muna-yaki (I love you in Quechua),
Dieta Mama, Kellee and Dieta Papa Craig
Traditionally it could take 10 years or more before an apprentice became a maestro/maestra. In this era it does not require living in the jungle to be an apprentice of the plants, nor does it necessarily entail the full duration of time, we are living in a tremendous shift and traditions are changing in accordance with the changing of our consciousness. Today the plants are calling us to help us understand what is happening in our world now, human consciousness, how to live, how to be a good steward of Mother Earth, Pachamama, how to heal and create. The dieta is for people who are serious about becoming medicine men and women of deep integrity and intuition, using the teachings only to heal, never for personal gain. I will offer several dietas per year and with them, your apprencticeship to the plants will be structured, ordered and straight. I anticipate hearing that my dieters find their creativity in creating themselves, their worlds and communities with clarity, power and innovation. This is exciting.
Traditionally, the shamans, the curanderos/curanderas were taught their intuitive healing wisdom, rituals and sacred songs known as "icaros", by taking a number of these Amazonian medicinal plant dietas into their bodies through their lifetimes. Traditionally, more dietas meant a more proficient shaman, with rituals of purification, discipline teaching him/her how to hold healing space with integrity, intuition and skill. The plants are psychic teachers, connecting the student to the innate wisdom of the universe insomuch as the shaman/medicine man/woman is receptive and suited as a practitioner.. Today, with time collapsing on it's axis, scale is no longer the determinant of a shaman's skill, agility and effectiveness.
It is important the dieta is overseen by either a maestro/maestra, or in our case me, who has been a devoted, well trained and natural practitioner of the plants with many years experience studying and dieting with the traditional and non traditional shamans in the Amazon. In no circumstances should a new dieter diet a plant without having the plants prepared by a qualified shaman. It is important the rebuilding of the apprentices'/dieters' internal structure is configured, monitored and directed by a qualified and trusted shaman until such time as the apprentice/dieters' sense of self is very much intact and clear. There are delusions the ego seems to reliably bring to the table as an unhealthy condiment to a healthy meal when people begin the practice of plant medicine. The overseeing shaman, who in this case will be me, ( Dieta Mama) or Craig (Dieta Papa) will keep each individual's dieta "straight". At times during the duration of the diet, feelings and thoughts can get "crossed", which, if it happens can result in confusion, depression, negativity. It is the overseeing shaman's duty to "straighten" the diet. It is the job of the plant, the dieta itself, to straighten out the crooked, misdirected energies we all may have within us in order for there to be a smooth, pure flow of reliable wisdom within the entire being of the apprentice/dieter.
The plants are taken by the dieter as a tea for a set number of days with a disciplined protocol of strict dietary restriction as they do so. After the duration of the strict dieta (usually 8 days for a short dieta), there follows a month of somewhat restricted activities (see below). The plants themselves are the teachers of the dieta,. What they teach is divine wisdom or "saviduria divina", wisdom beyond the mind, beyond what has been learned in books or other teachings. Typically it would be the maestro/maestra who prepares the plant medicine for each individual dieter, singing icaros, praying, speaking, blowing, whistling into it personally for the individual The apprentice/dieter makes enough tea for 4 days and then takes the tea each day at 4pm in the afternoon each day for four days and is taught the nature and songs of the plant's particular medicine as it is dieted and absorbed into the body (body, mind, heart, soul) for the duration of the 1 month time frame the dieta is working (the plant is only consumed for 4 days however) The restrictions of, no salt, sugar, alcohol,vinegars, red meat, pork, dairy, fat, no sex, are to be kept for 8 days. At the end of the start of the 8th day you wake and swish the prepared salt into your mouth for 60 seconds, spit, feel generally much better and then life gets somewhat more normal physically . For the next 30 days the sex, alcohol, pork restrictions stay in place with suggested cessation of all refined sugars. The entire month may have many challenges as the plant, doing its job, keeps working so I suggest taking a month with little exciting entertainment, stimulation, new projects, jobs, relationships etc. During the diet please do not make any major life decisions of any kind if at all possible.
The plant teachers, after entering the apprentice/dieters body, become enmeshed with the actual architecture/ geometry of the apprentice/dieter's energetic being, restructuring personality, purifying, healing ego weakness and insecurity, clearing blockages, and new intuitions become available to assist in deepening an understanding of life for the self, what is true, dissolving feelings of separateness, guiding and building confidence, trust and knowledge in the assistance/teaching of others.
The work of the dieta will continue for 6 months as it grows strong in the "garden" of the apprentices' body and psyche. In order for the plant to "grow" within the human body, we make our bodies an environment free of salt, fat, red meat, sugar, dairy, caffeine and alcohol, vinegars, during the 8 days of the intense part of the dieta . These restrictions can be challenging mentally, emotionally and physically for some people. Inexperienced dieters ought to plan on 8 days when they may feel like they have a bit of flu or even mild depression as they diet. It is recommended that the dieter make their lifestyle as free from stimulation as possible with as much rest and solo meditation time as possible. Each dieter will get an hour consultation session with me, Kellee Morris, or my partner, Craig Caviezel during their dieta (can be any time during the entire month during our operating hours or, if you have an emergency, any time) as part of their dieta package in order to check in, ask questions, get assistance straightening wonky thoughts and feelings etc. These can be by phone, in person, or on Skype depending on where we all are.
During the dieta, the old structures of personality and belief are often broken down for new structures and knowledge to be built in their places. It is typically an emotional time, an epiphaniacal time, a grieving time as the old mental ways die away, we listen to the plant and new paradigms and wisdom grow in the places of the old, tired, slow and outdated linear/mental methods of old. It is normal for people to feel disorientated during dietas though every normal task can be accomplished with no problems but fatigue. The beauty, purity and clarity of the diet and its wisdom will generally come streaming through after the month is entirely finished, though some people experience this from the get go. Everyone's experience is different, some people feel worse for a while. Please know we offer support on an ongoing basis even after the month if necessary for a very reasonable fee.
Our focus in this new style of western shamanic dieta being introduced here, is to fuse the tradition of these Shipibo and Mestizo dieta traditions with the wisdom of the Northern American plants as the source of our first short dieta. Because we live in North America, because our geographical lineage is felt from the native tribes of this country, we are honoring them and calling on their wisdom to teach us through their plants rather than going to Peru to diet the traditional Amazonian plants. (I also highly recommend dieting in the Amazon under a number of different maestros/maestra's I can refer you to) The plants are being quite specific in letting me know which plants we will be dieting and in which order. We will mostly diet the North American plants however, there are certain protective plant traditions from the Amazon we will also be taking in the future for safety, protection and ancient wisdom. (the plants of the Amazon are the oldest lineage of living things on the planet)
I am not a maestra by title, however the plants themselves have called me to invite you to this practice. I personally have taken 25 different dietas into my body, 18 of which were conducted under Maestros Don Alberto Torres Davila, Hamilton Souther, Chris Odle, Guillermo Arevallo, 3 of which were personally conducted by me, for myself, led by the plants. As your "Dieta Mama" I can only say the plants have given me sensibilities beyond any mental reason and I trust them entirely. My work with the plants has given me the ability to flow in the work of an effective and compassionate curandera. From the time I was a small child I have been learning from the plants, gathering them, making them into tinctures and eating them. When we are called to the plants, we are called. You will simply know if this is for you. My commitment to using the plants only to heal is 100%. If you know me, you will know if you feel you can trust my guidance.
Shaman Craig Caviezel "Dieta Papa" is a gifted Dietero and Medicine man, personally trained by me with several years of experience working with plant, native american and crystal medicine before he met me. He is gifted and hand selected and trained by me to work in partnership. I have had him oversee and configure several diets and each one he has done for himself and others have been very successful in the lives of those who took his dietas. Depending on the time of your diet or consultation, you may encounter either of us. I will be consulted about everything and oversee each person's diet.
I took my apprenticeship over the course of 7 years in Peru very seriously. I gleaned all I could from my amazing maestros and the dietas of the plants changed and continue to transform and change my life, my perceptions and give me gifts to heal and care beyond all logical reason. I too am still a work in progress. Everyone's experience will be different. I encourage you to journal your experiences and share them here if you like.
Craig and I sit with each person's personal allocation of medicinal plant, we sing into each of your plants personally for you according to the guidance the plant gives. We sing the wisdom and power into the plants, honeyed osha and salt to create structure, guidance and potency to your personal studies of life of self, your growth, expansion, healing, purification, balancing, the straightening of your energetic body. The process per person can take a considerable amount of time. The plants always guide. You will have clear instructions for how to make your tea, what to eat, do, not do and you will be entitled to the 1 hour sessions with Craig or I (or two 1/2 hour ones) over the course of the 1 month duration of the dieta. One of us should always be available during reasonable business hours, and some weekend hours. After the eight days everything is allowed back into the diet besides alcohol, pork and sex with limits on refined sugars.
Additional consultations during the course of the dieta will be available for 1/2 hour sessions @ $30 per session.
In the event you feel called to this dieta and are unable to pay the suggested price, please get in touch with me to work out something creative where there is value for our exchange.
Please read the information about the nature and properties of Osha,
(Kwiyag'atu tupkapi in the Ute Native tongue)
The dieta following this will be a protective dieta, traditional Peruvian "Ahos" made up from Camphor, garlic, white onion in a suspension of alcohol. This formulation is commonly known as "vampire juice" and will be a powerful cleansing and protection diet. After this diet, you will be ready to start your studies to begin working on others.
muna-yaki (I love you in Quechua),
Dieta Mama, Kellee and Dieta Papa Craig
Saturday, January 5, 2013
La Primera Dieta de Mama Dieta: Bienvenido OSHA!
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Osha has been said to mean "bear" in a Native American language.
In the Native American Ute tribal language Osha is known as Kwiyag'atu tupkapi, nipo, chuchupate, chuchupati, chuchupaste, chuchupatle, guariaca, hierba del cochino or yerba de cochino, raíz del cochino, and washí (tarahumara). In the Jicarilla language, Osha is called ha’ich’idéé. The White Mountain Apache call it ha 'il chii' gah.
Osha, Porter's lovage, Porter's licorice-root, Porter's wild lovage, loveroot, bear medicine, bear root, mountain lovage, Indian parsley, mountain ginseng. The original language is unknown. Its common names include osha root, Colorado cough root, Indian root, Indian parsley, wild parsley, mountain ginseng, mountain carrot, nipo, empress of the dark forest.
Scientific Name
Ligusticum porteri Coulter & Rose (Apiaceae or Carrot Family)
Below are my findings and experiences of this plant, gathered through study and taking it medicinally. Please bear in mind, this is a training dieta, to teach and infuse us with the wisdom of this plant as a teacher. It is intended not only to protect and heal physically but to teach the nature of the plant and the wisdom of it for use in our daily lives, being medicine in this world. This dieta may be used to promote health and well being in the cold winter months but it is intentionally designed for those looking to explore their connection to the nature of this plant's natural geographic location which is some of the western United States. Please email yogagroove@gmail.com for more information if you are unfamiliar with the shamanic dieta principles.
Uses
Osha has been used medicinally by indigenous people for centuries and subsequently absorbed into the pharmacopeias of other peoples.
This is one of the most important herbs of the Rocky Mountains, considered sacred by the Native Americans and widely esteemed by them for its broad and effective warm healing power. Many tribes burned it as incense for purification to ward off airborne illness in their homes and also subtle negative influences and thoughts. Osha Root is arguably the best American herb for lung and throat infections. It stimulates the macrophages or resident white blood cells of the lungs, numbs sore throats, bronchio-dilates the lungs to assist in expectoration, warms the lungs and helps one to breathe more deeply. Osha can be used as a preventative for those prone to sore throats and lung congestion or who get secondary infections from allergies. As Osha Root brings more blood into the lungs, it assists in dilation of the lungs when constricted. Therefore, it is helpful for emphysema, pneumonia, allergies, smokers cough, and athletically induced asthma. Osha Root is also antirheumatic, antispasmodic, diaphoretic, digestive, febrifuge, and stomachic. It is used internally in the treatment of fevers, digestive complaints, toothache, painful menstruation and retained placenta. It has also been used to treat tuberculosis and headaches. An infusion of the roots is used externally to treat body aches. Powdered osha root can be used to make a soothing cough syrup. It is more effective than Echinacea and Goldenseal when one is already acute and congested. It increases oxygen utilization and uptake into the body, which aids in motion and air sickness.
Osha is experienced with mystical dreaming, increase in confidence and sense of self.
The strength of this herb is immediately apparent by its strong odor and illustrates superiority over the Chinese (ligusticum wallichii) variety, which has very different healing properties.
Osha is experienced with mystical dreaming, increase in confidence and sense of self.
The strength of this herb is immediately apparent by its strong odor and illustrates superiority over the Chinese (ligusticum wallichii) variety, which has very different healing properties.
The root of Osha is the part used medicinally. Energetically it is spicy, bitter and warm. The healing components in this powerful herb include volatile oils, essential oils, terpenes, lactone glycoside, saponins, ferulic acid, and phytosterols.
Its healing properties are antiviral (a substance that destroys or weakens a virus), diaphoretic (producing perspiration), diuretic (increases the flow of urine), decongestant (breaks up congestion), expectorant (helps bring up mucus), stimulant (increasing activity), carminative (inducing expulsion of gas from stomach or intestines), and emmenagogue (provokes menstruation).
Osha root is a powerful antiviral and antibacterial herb strongly used for the respiratory system especially for catarrh/phlegm, colds, coughs, bronchial pneumonia, flu and other respiratory infections.
Because of its strong antiviral properties, it should be taken at the first minimal signs of a cold or flu, fevers, pharyngitis, early stages of tonsillitis (sore throat), pneumatic lung/respiratory complaints, indigestion and delayed menses.
Osha root is a powerful antiviral and antibacterial herb strongly used for the respiratory system especially for catarrh/phlegm, colds, coughs, bronchial pneumonia, flu and other respiratory infections.
Because of its strong antiviral properties, it should be taken at the first minimal signs of a cold or flu, fevers, pharyngitis, early stages of tonsillitis (sore throat), pneumatic lung/respiratory complaints, indigestion and delayed menses.
It can even increase the appetite after the stomach is settled.
It is extremely beneficial and effective combined with Echinacea against leukocytosis (increase of white blood cells), which is usually indicative of an impending infection. It can also be used externally on skin wounds for prevention of infection.
Other known uses: hangover, and rheumatism, The hollow stems have been smoked to break the nicotine habit
Externally, root preparations were used to treat aches and pains, digestive problems, scorpion sting, wounds and skin infections.
(All information contained herein is gathered from various sources and is not in any way intended nor shoul be used as authorized medical advice. Claims regarding the uses of these plants and the research from which they were obtained has not all been verified by any m.d. or n.d. and thus should be fully researched by exacting individuals. Bibliographies were left out as this dieta is, for most of us based on trusting the spirits. Scientific information is a wonderful thing but not our primary focus in embarking on this journey with the Osha Plant. Thank you, Kellee, The Dieta Mama)
Identification and Growth Location of the Plant
Osha is strictly a mountain plant, and it is most commonly found in deep, moist soils rich in organic material. The plant requires partial shade. Osha is widely distributed from British Columbia south into Oregon and Washington, and throughout the Rocky Mountains and the high mountains of New Mexico. It is most common in the upper limits of the subalpine zone, so in the southern part of its range, it grows at elevations from 7,000 feet to 10,000 feet (2100 m to 3000 m), while from Utah, Wyoming, and Montana northwards, it grows as low as 5,000 feet (1500 m).
Osha is dependent on mycorrhizal fungi, and attempts to artificially cultivate the plant outside of its habitat have not been successful. Cultivation in areas where osha naturally grows have been more successful.
Osha roots have a collar of dead leaf material surrounding the root crowns which is hairlike in appearance. The roots dry very quickly and are very astringent when fresh, and can cause blistering of the mouth and mucous membranes in humans if ingested fresh. The dried roots do not have this astringent effect. Roots of older plants are far stronger and bitter than those of younger plants.Osha has the typical appearance of members of the parsley family, with parsley-like leaves and umbels of white flowers. The bases of the leaves where they attach to the root crowns have a reddish tint which is unique, and the roots are fibrous, with a dark, chocolate-brown, wrinkled outer skin. When this skin is removed, the inner root tissue is fibrous and yellowish-white with an overpowering, pleasant "spicy celery" fragrance that resembles lovage(Levisticum officinale).
Osha plants form large clumps over time, and can grow to be very large. In areas of New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah, osha can reach heights of 6 to 7 feet and produce circular colonies with dozens of root crowns growing from a central root mass. Osha is best harvested in the afternoon as the plants are relished by bears, which are known to visit the plants during the morning.
Description
Osha is an herbaceous perennial growing from 50 to 100 cm tall or more. In winter, the
above-ground parts die back to a thick, woody and very aromatic rootstock. The plant has
deeply incised, elliptic or lance-shaped leaf segments that are 5 to 40 mm in width with
larger basal leaves. The white flowers appear during late summer, and are approximately
2 to 5 mm in diameter with five petals. They are grouped in flat-topped, compound
umbels and are followed by reddish, oblong, ribbed fruits 5 to 8 mm in length.
Distribution
Osha is native to mountains of western North America from Wyoming (Arizona,
Colorado, Idaho, New Mexico, Nevada, and Utah) to the states of Sonora and Chihuahua,
Mexico. Osha often grows in rich, moist soils in wooded habitats—from pine-oak
woodland to spruce-fir forest—but it is also found on slopes and in meadows with drier,
rocky soils from1,500 to 3,505 meters ( 4,900-11,500 feet; Cronquist et al. 1997, Welsh
1993, Martin et al. 1998)
Reproduction
Like many plants in the Apiaceae, the flowers are attractive to a variety of insects such as
flies, beetles, bees and wasps. However, studies of pollination biology among plants in
the carrot family find that there is a distinction between mere visitors and effective
pollinators, with the latter being andrenid, colletid and halictid bees (Lindsey 1984) in
some cases. Halictid bees have been seen visiting flowers of osha in the Chiricahua
Mountains of Arizona (M. F. Wilson, observation Sep. 2, 2003). Seeds of osha are not
dispersed by animals or wind and most likely remain close to the parent plant when they
drop (David Inouye, pers. comm. 2007).
The genus Ligusticum consists of 40-50 species of circumboreal plants (Mabberley
1997). Many are used medicinally. American Ligusticum species have been used as
anticonvulsants, to stimulate appetite, and to treat anemia, hemorrhage, tuberculosis,
stomach disorders, heart troubles, respiratory infections, earaches, sinus infection and
congestion, and other ailments (Moerman 1998). Some Asian members of this genus are
important in Chinese, Japanese and Korean herbal formularies. Ligusticum chuanxiong
Hort. (L. wallichii Franch.), Szechuan lovage root, is used to treat amenorrhea,
dysmenorrhea, headaches, ischemia and thrombosis (Bensky & Gamble 1993). Many
peoples of north temperate regions eat portions of a number of species of Ligusticum raw,
cooked as potherbs, or as condiments or spice (Tanaka 1976).
Chemistry
Chemical analysis conducted on L. porteri has identified pthalides and monoterpenes
(Beck 1996, Delgado et al. 1992, Gillespie & Duszynski 1998)
More chemical work has been conducted on the Asian members of the genus than
American species. Several different classes of compounds have been isolated from
Ligusticum: alkaloids (such as perlolyrine, tetramethylpyrazine, and others); an
anthraquinone (chrysophanol); phenolic compounds (such as ferulic acid and caffeic
acid); phenylpropanoids; phthalides (such as butylidenephthalide, ligustilide, 4-hydroxy-
3-butylphthalide, senkyunolide and others); coumarins and furanocoumarins; and
terpenoids (such as α-pinene, β-pinene, and limonene) (Huang & Pu 1990, Shibano et al.
2005, Sinclair 1998, van Wyk & Wink 2004, Yan et al. 2005)
Trade
L. porteri is sold in the form of ground roots, whole roots, tinctures, and seeds. Osha
harvest appears to be declining. Figures for the trade of dried osha root demonstrate a
precipitous drop after the 3-year United States Forest Service moratorium was enacted in
1999. Annual domestic trade in dried wild roots had not reached even 10% of former
high figures after the year 2000 (AHPA 2007). Because of the decline in trade of wild
roots, cultivated material became more important in commerce after 2002.
Legal Protection and Conservation Status
During 1999, due to high demand and what was considered over collection in the
southwestern United States, Regions 1 and 4 of the United States Forest Service issued a
three-year moratorium on the personal and commercial use/collection of Ligusticum.
Osha was listed as “rare” on the 1997 International Union for the Conservation of
Nature’s Red List of Threatened Plants (Walter & Gillett 1998) but has not been
subsequently listed. The species is not formally protected under native plant or
endangered species laws. United Plant Savers (UpS), a conservation organization that focuses its efforts on populations of medicinal plants collected from the wild, includes
osha on a list of "at risk" species (UpS 2007). Osha was proposed for consideration of the
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
(CITES) during 2000 (Anonymous 2000) based largely on a report produced by the
University of Maryland Program in Sustainable Development and Conservation Biology
(1999). However, L. porteri is not currently listed on CITES Appendices I, II, or III.
Although some populations of osha are considered large and secure there is little
information available for other populations. Conservation action, if necessary, is
hampered by the lack of data. There are no comprehensive management programs in
place to manage populations of L. porteri. None of the western states with L. porteri
populations prohibit collection of the plants on state lands. Grazing, commercial and
residential development, recreational activities, off-road vehicles, logging and collection
for medicinal use have all been cited as factors in the decline of L. porteri populations
(University of Maryland Program in Sustainable Development and Conservation Biology
1999).
Sustainable Use and Conservation
There has been concern on the part of some experts that L. porteri is being overharvested
(Robbins 1999). This is also true for Mexico because of this country’s important and
unregulated medicinal plant market (Felger et al. 1999, Felger & Wilson 1995, Martin et
al. 1998, Stoleson et al. 2005). The entire plant is removed when the roots are harvested.
Osha is considered to be slow-growing and some estimates consider the plants to be over
ten years old when harvested. The destructive collection of osha from slow-growing
populations could lead to unsustainable harvesting.
Cultivation of osha has proved to be challenging and not cost efficient (Cech 2002, David
Inouye pers. comm.. 2007). Research into germination and in vitro propagation would be
important to aid cultivation. David Inouye, Director of the Conservation Biology
Program at the University of Maryland, asserts that osha is best cultivated by assisting
propagation in wild stands. The best time to collect osha root is in the fall, after the seeds
have had time to mature and fall to the soil. Education of collectors to harvest in a
sustainable manner is always important in the case of wild-crafted herbs.
A syrup made from the stems has been used for many of the disorders that the root is
used for (Curtin 1976) and this should be investigated as an alternative to destructive root
harvesting. Other more common species in the Apiaceae, such as several Angelica spp.
and others are used in virtually identical ways to Ligusticum (Yi et al. 2007) and their use
as alternatives to wild-harvested osha should be considered.
[BOX]Sustainable Actions
• Wild-harvesters: Find out the legal requirements for wild-harvesting osha in your
state; rotate harvest areas; thin patches rather than collecting all available plants;
leave a portion of mature and juvenile individuals untouched. Collect plants after mature seeds have fallen. Non-destructive harvest may be possible by taking only
a portion of the roots (Cech 2002). Harvest should follow standards of the
International Standard for Sustainable Wild Collection of Medicinal and Aromatic
Plants (Medicinal Plant Specialist Group 2007).
• Growers: Research legal requirements for cultivating osha in your state; ensure
seed is obtained in a way that does not threaten wild populations; consult local
experts and resources for cultivation requirements in your area (McKeon 1999).
• Practitioners and Consumers: Choose ethically-wildcrafted or verifiably
cultivated sources of osha roots or supplements; use osha only when it is best
indicated; when choosing substitutes, exercise caution not to choose a species that
is equally as vulnerable to overharvest (Cech 2002).
• Suppliers and manufacturers: consider promoting other herbs that have similar
indications; the use of the herbaceous portions of osha should be investigated as
an alternative to destructive root harvest (Curtin 1976, Pennington 1963, Yi et al
2007).
Disclaimer
The information contained in this article is not intended nor implied to be a substitute for
professional medical advice relative to your specific medical condition or question. All
medical and other healthcare information that is given here should be carefully reviewed
by the individual reader and their qualified healthcare professional.
Citation
Michael Wilson, Drylands Institute (www.drylandsinstitute.org).
Wilson, M. F. May 2007. Medicinal Plant Fact Sheet: Ligusticum porteri / Osha. A
collaboration of the IUCN Medicinal Plant Specialist Group, PCA-Medicinal Plant
Working Group, and North American Pollinator Protection Campaign. Arlington,
Virginia.
This information was taken from the research of Michael Wilson in an entomologist and botanist who is Research Director of Drylands
Institute in Tucson, Arizona. With Richard Felger, he is working on A Desert
Pharmacopeia: The Medicinal Plants of Southwestern North America. He is a contributor
to articles that can be found in Dry Borders: Great Natural Reserves of the Sonoran
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Northern Mexico (Oxford University Press 2005), and is a co-author of Trees of Sonora,
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http://www.cites.org/eng/com/pc/10/PC10-9-3.pdf
AHPA. 2007. Tonnage Survey of North American Wild-harvested Plants, 2004-2005.
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